Belgian Malinois
Complete Breed Guide

Overview

Temperament and Behavior

The Belgian Malinois is energetic, lively, and eager to work. This breed is known for their intelligence and constant awareness of their surroundings. Belgian Malinois need lots of face time and playtime with their owners. They tend to bond strongly with one person in particular and stay attached at the hip. If they have a bad experience as puppies, Malinois can develop phobias of certain objects or places. However, with enough TLC and training, they usually grow out of it as they mature.

Coat & Grooming

Belgian Malinois have a short brown, grey, or fawn coat, sometimes with black-tipped hair. Their face usually has a black mask and ears, along with a lighter underside. Belgian Malinois shed heavily once or twice a year. Brush and comb them often during those seasons and a few times each week during the rest of the year. Make sure not to brush them too much, as it can damage their undercoat.

Lifestyle & Living Conditions

The Belgian Malinois should be socialized as a puppy if they're going to live with other dogs or pets, but their nature is to be protective and aggressive toward foreign animals. They’re shy around strangers but get along well with children. Because of their need for significant socialization and activity, they’re best suited for families that are willing and able to spend a lot of time with them. Malinois are quite large, so they do better in homes with large yards, rather than apartments or small spaces.

Exercise & Activity

Belgian Malinois need a lot of activity and outdoor exercise each day, such as a long run, walk, hike, or play session in the yard. Malinois thrive most when their minds are stimulated. To keep them engaged, trying playing complex games, sports, and any activity that taps into their natural prey drive. They're very bright and highly active, so be sure to tap into their lively personalities.

Health Considerations

Medically reviewed by

Dr. Anne McClanahan, DVM

Four Lakes Veterinary Clinic, Madison, WI

Resident, ACVB · Fear Free Elite Certified

The Belgian Malinois typically lives 12-14 years, placing it among the longer-lived pedigree breeds of similar size. Unlike many purebred dogs, the Malinois tends to mature with relatively few conformation-related health problems. Working with a reputable breeder who performs health testing for hip and elbow dysplasia and inherited eye conditions is still important. Belgian Malinois can be affected by the following health conditions: Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), Cataracts, Bloat and Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), Epilepsy, and Hemangiosarcoma.

Breed descriptions and health information are provided for educational purposes only and should not replace consultation with a licensed veterinarian. Individual dogs may vary in temperament and health.